compare and contrast about Magnesium and Silicon
1. Magnesium
| Discovery date | 1755 |
| Discovered by | Joseph Black |
| Origin of the name | The name is derived from Magnesia, a district of Eastern Thessaly in Greece. |
| Allotropes |
|
Mg
Magnesium
12
24.305
| Group | 2 | Melting point | 650°C, 1202°F, 923 K |
| Period | 3 | Boiling point | 1090°C, 1994°F, 1363 K |
| Block | s | Density (g cm−3) | 1.74 |
| Atomic number | 12 | Relative atomic mass | 24.305 |
| State at 20°C | Solid | Key isotopes | 24Mg |
| Electron configuration | [Ne] 3s2 | CAS number | 7439-95-4 |
| ChemSpider ID | 4575328 | ChemSpider is a free chemical structure database | |
Image explanation
The image is inspired by chlorophyll, the molecule
contained in green plants that enables them to photosynthesise.
Chlorophyll contains a single atom of magnesium at its centre.
Appearance
A silvery-white metal that ignites easily in air and burns with a bright light.
Uses
Magnesium is one-third less dense than
aluminium. It improves the mechanical, fabrication and welding
characteristics of aluminium when used as an alloying agent. These
alloys are useful in aeroplane and car construction.
Magnesium
is used in products that benefit from being lightweight, such as car
seats, luggage, laptops, cameras and power tools. It is also added to
molten iron and steel to remove sulfur.
As magnesium ignites easily in air and burns with a bright light, it’s used in flares, fireworks and sparklers.
Magnesium
sulfate is sometimes used as a mordant for dyes. Magnesium hydroxide is
added to plastics to make them fire retardant. Magnesium oxide is used
to make heat-resistant bricks for fireplaces and furnaces. It is also
added to cattle feed and fertilisers. Magnesium hydroxide (milk of
magnesia), sulfate (Epsom salts), chloride and citrate are all used in
medicine.
Grignard reagents are organic magnesium compounds that are important for the chemical industry.
Biological role
Magnesium is an essential element in both plant
and animal life. Chlorophyll is the chemical that allows plants to
capture sunlight, and photosynthesis to take place. Chlorophyll is a
magnesium-centred porphyrin complex. Without magnesium photosynthesis
could not take place, and life as we know it would not exist.
In
humans, magnesium is essential to the working of hundreds of enzymes.
Humans take in about 250–350 milligrams of magnesium each day. We each
store about 20 grams in our bodies, mainly in the bones.
Natural abundance
Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the
Earth’s crust, but does not occur uncombined in nature. It is found in
large deposits in minerals such as magnesite and dolomite. The sea
contains trillions of tonnes of magnesium, and this is the source of
much of the 850,000 tonnes now produced each year. It is prepared by
reducing magnesium oxide with silicon, or by the electrolysis of molten
magnesium chloride.
2. Silicon
| Discovery date | 1824 |
| Discovered by | Jöns Jacob Berzelius |
| Origin of the name | The name is derived from the Latin 'silex' or 'silicis', meaning flint. |
| Allotropes | amorphous Si, crystalline Si |
Si
Silicon
14
28.085
| Group | 14 | Melting point | 1414°C, 2577°F, 1687 K |
| Period | 3 | Boiling point | 3265°C, 5909°F, 3538 K |
| Block | p | Density (g cm−3) | 2.3296 |
| Atomic number | 14 | Relative atomic mass | 28.085 |
| State at 20°C | Solid | Key isotopes | 28Si, 30Si |
| Electron configuration | [Ne] 3s23p2 | CAS number | 7440-21-3 |
| ChemSpider ID | 4574465 | ChemSpider is a free chemical structure database | |
Image explanation
The image is based on a diatom. Diatoms are
photosynthesising algae. They are unique in that their cell walls are
made of silica (hydrated silicon dioxide).
Appearance
The element, when ultrapure, is a solid with a blue-grey metallic sheen.
Uses
Silicon is one of the most useful elements to
mankind. Most is used to make alloys including aluminium-silicon and
ferro-silicon (iron-silicon). These are used to make dynamo and
transformer plates, engine blocks, cylinder heads and machine tools and
to deoxidise steel.
Silicon is also used to
make silicones. These are silicon-oxygen polymers with methyl groups
attached. Silicone oil is a lubricant and is added to some cosmetics and
hair conditioners. Silicone rubber is used as a waterproof sealant in
bathrooms and around windows, pipes and roofs.
The
element silicon is used extensively as a semiconductor in solid-state
devices in the computer and microelectronics industries. For this,
hyperpure silicon is needed. The silicon is selectively doped with tiny
amounts of boron, gallium, phosphorus or arsenic to control its
electrical properties.
Granite and most other
rocks are complex silicates, and these are used for civil engineering
projects. Sand (silicon dioxide or silica) and clay (aluminium silicate)
are used to make concrete and cement. Sand is also the principal
ingredient of glass, which has thousands of uses. Silicon, as silicate,
is present in pottery, enamels and high-temperature ceramics.
Silicon carbides are important abrasives and are also used in lasers.
Biological role
Silicon is essential to plant life but its use
in animal cells is uncertain. Phytoliths are tiny particles of silica
that form within some plants. Since these particles do not rot they
remain in fossils and provide us with useful evolutionary evidence.
Silicon
is non-toxic but some silicates, such as asbestos, are carcinogenic.
Workers, such as miners and stonecutters, who are exposed to siliceous
dust can develop a serious lung disease called silicosis.
Natural abundance
Silicon makes up 27.7% of the Earth’s crust by
mass and is the second most abundant element (oxygen is the first). It
does not occur uncombined in nature but occurs chiefly as the oxide
(silica) and as silicates. The oxide includes sand, quartz, rock
crystal, amethyst, agate, flint and opal. The silicate form includes
asbestos, granite, hornblende, feldspar, clay and mica.
Elemental
silicon is produced commercially by reducing sand with carbon in an
electric furnace. High-purity silicon, for the electronics industry, is
prepared by the thermal decomposition of ultra-pure trichlorosilane,
followed by recrystallisation.
To simplify compare and contrast of
matter we can make a the double bubble maps, for example magnesium and silicon.
From the double bubble maps we can see the compare and
contrasct magnesium and silicon, the compare both of those are solid, have
silver colour.
compare
to examine the character or qualities of especially in order to discover resemblances or differences or to represent as similar.
Contrast
to compare in order to show unlikeness or differences; note the opposite natures, purposes,etc., of:
Bubble Maps
used to
describe qualities using adjectives ("sparkle words") and adjective
phrases. As a writing tool it enriches students' abilities to identify
qualities and use descriptive words. In the center circle, write the
word or thing being described.
Reference
http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/12/magnesium
http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/14/silicon
why you choose Mg and Si for the example of your double bubble maps? why not the other elements? please give me your reason
BalasHapusBecause i have a gruop and my gruop agree to make magnesium and silicon an example for double bubble map.
HapusIts simple example to search about it.
And its my reason
In humans, magnesium is essential to the working of hundreds of enzymes.can you give what kind of those
BalasHapusMagnesium is crucial to more than 300 enzyme-driven biochemical reactions occurring in the body on a near constant basis.
HapusAll nutrients used by the human body function as either:
Sources of energy
Building blocks for body structures
Elements needed to regulate and control the body’s many functions
Like most vitamins, magnesium’s role is primarily regulatory. It allows enzymes to function properly, which in turn enable a vast majority of the body’s chemical reactions.
Enzymes are the basis of the body’s ability to function while supporting life. Many of the necessary chemical reactions that the body carries out, such as the breakdown of sugars in the digestive system, can only normally be performed under extreme heat or acidity. Enzymes, however, allow these reactions to occur without damaging the body’s fragile tissues and organs.
Please mention the benefits and disadvantages of silicon for humans ?
BalasHapusAdvantages
HapusIncreasing bone strength when obtained from foods. Men and younger (pre-menopausal) women who get more silicon from their diet seem to have higher bone mineral density, which could reduce the risk of weak bones (osteoporosis). But higher silicon intake does not seem to benefit older (post-menopausal) women. These women tend to develop weak bones because their bodies continually break down bone. Silicon doesn’t seem to stop the bone breakdown. It promotes only bone formation.
Disadvantages
Heart disease. Alzheimer's disease. Sprains and strain. Digestion problems. Hair loss. Other conditions.
Explain another example of compare and contrast?
BalasHapusIts another example of Gold and Silver
HapusCompare between Gold and Silver are :
1. Gold same like Silver they both are Metal
2. We know they are element
3. They are shining
4. Gold same like Silver they are jewellery
5. Gold as solid as Silver
Contrast between Gold and Silver are :
1. The Gold colour contras with The Silver colour
2. Silver is not as limited as Gold
3. Gold more heavy than Silver
4. The atomic number of Gold higher than Silver
5. Gold more expensive than Silver.
What is the disadvantage of plastic surgery with sillicon?
BalasHapusThe biggest disadvantage with silicone breast implants is that if it ruptures, it may not be immediately noticeable. Saline breast implants are extremely resilient but there is always the risk that they might leak or rupture. If they do, the fluid will drain out extremely slowly, and it can take a very long time before you notice. There is no evidence that the silicone gel causes any long term harm such as breast cancer or any other illnesses, but it may eventually cause breast pain and change the size and shape of the breast. If saline breast implants ruptures, you will need to have it replaced or taken out immediately. With saline breast implants, on the other hand, the rupture is no cause for concern. The body is seventy percent salt water (saline) anyways so it’s safe in the body. Also, any rupture of saline breast implants will be immediately noticeable as all the saline will drain out the implant very quickly.
Hapuswhat is uses of magnesium?
BalasHapusMagnesium is used in products that benefit from being lightweight, such as car seats, luggage, laptops, cameras and power tools. It is also added to molten iron and steel to remove sulfur.
HapusAs magnesium ignites easily in air and burns with a bright light, it’s used in flares, fireworks and sparklers
Is there any use of magnesium and silicon,if any please mention?
BalasHapusMagnesium is one-third less dense than aluminium. It improves the mechanical, fabrication and welding characteristics of aluminium when used as an alloying agent. These alloys are useful in aeroplane and car construction.
HapusMagnesium is used in products that benefit from being lightweight, such as car seats, luggage, laptops, cameras and power tools. It is also added to molten iron and steel to remove sulfur.
As magnesium ignites easily in air and burns with a bright light, it’s used in flares, fireworks and sparklers.
Silicon is one of the most useful elements to mankind. Most is used to make alloys including aluminium-silicon and ferro-silicon (iron-silicon). These are used to make dynamo and transformer plates, engine blocks, cylinder heads and machine tools and to deoxidise steel.
Silicon is also used to make silicones. These are silicon-oxygen polymers with methyl groups attached. Silicone oil is a lubricant and is added to some cosmetics and hair conditioners. Silicone rubber is used as a waterproof sealant in bathrooms and around windows, pipes and roofs.