Chemistry in Everyday Life - Lately the world of science and technology is growing. Many breakthroughs breakthrough and newly created by scientists in developing a technology and knowledge.
From a variety of technological advances and knowledge it gives birth
to products that in the process of pembutannya directly related to the role of chemistry.
Known chemicals of the benefits contained therein are developed by
making a variety of products that can be used in everyday human life.
With the products that are chemicals in our daily lives, it is good to
know the various types, properties, side effects and usefulness of each
product. The chemicals in everyday life can be grouped according to the charts below. In everyday life there are many different kinds of chemicals commonly used by humans. Some of the chemical groups are as follows:
1. Cleaners.
Cleaning Chemicals What does Oncomers feel when they have done sports activities, such as running, football, playing basketball or volleyball? In addition to the body feels tired, of Oncomers body will all feel "sticky".
This is due to the presence of dust and dirt that attaches to the skin,
hair, clothing, and other surfaces that blend with the fat and oil in
our bodies.
Now the presence of dirt that fused together fat or oil can not be
easily cleaned if only use water only, because water can not dissolve
oil and fat. The solution is to use soap as a cleaning tool (household chemicals) that can lift fat or dirt greasy.
Soap.
Soap Soap has long been known as a cleanser that can remove impurities. From time to time the process of making soap is still unchanged.
Soaps can be made from various natural ingredients of vegetable oil,
animal fat, potassium hydroxide, or sodium hydroxide by heating through
saponification reaction to form a soft solid.
Soft solid material is also able to increase the power of water washing
of oil or fat that attaches strongly to our clothes or body. Soap containing sodium hydroxide in it is called hard soap, while soaps containing potassium hydroxide are called soft soaps. Soft soap is usually given fragrance and attractive dyes and antiseptic (germ killer) such as bath soap. The molecule (the smallest part) of the soap is a chain that has two ends. The one end is soluble in oil while the other end is soluble in water. That's what makes soap can clean fat or oily dirt when blended with water. However the washing power of the soap will decrease if the water used in it contains lime (magnesium ions or calcium ions). Water containing magnesium ions or calcium ions is called with water, such as water from lime and sea water reservoirs.
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The process of soap breaking by microorganisms is easier when compared with detergents. Therefore the use of soap is more environmentally friendly than detergent.
Detergent.
Chemical detergent Detergent is not the same as soap. The basic ingredients of the detergent are different from the basic ingredients of the soap. The basic ingredient of detergent is alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS). This material is produced from petroleum processing. The washing power of the detergent is so strong when compared with soap and can also react to the water of the container. However, unlike soaps, detergents are difficult to break down by microorganisms, so that their use can pollute the environment.
Foam from the unraveling detergent that can accumulate on the surface
of the water, consequently blocking the diffusion of oxygen into the
water. This can lead to the death of the ecosystem of life contained in water on which there is detergent foam.
To overcome the environmental problems caused by detergent waste,
currently alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) base material has been replaced
with linear alkyl sulphonate. (LAS).
Compared to (ABS), the use of LAS as a detergent base is more easily
described by microorganisms and is known as an environmentally friendly
material. The use of detergents already includes various purposes of use. Shampoo is a special detergent that is used as a hairdresser. Shampoo is made by using the same basic material, with the main material of abrasive material. While commonly used to wash kitchen equipment containing sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium metasilicate, and a little carbon.
2. Clothes bleach.
Chemicals Cloth bleach Cloth bleaches are made to remove impurities on clothes that are difficult to clean. The usual bleach ingredients in daily life (household chemicals) contain 5.25% sodium perborate or sodium hypochlorite. This material can also serve as a germ killer (disinfectant). The use of excessive bleach can make the color of the clothes fade. For cleaning of toilets, bathroom tubs, ceramic flooring used cleaners containing nitric acid or sulfuric acid. Mixing between chemicals is very dangerous.
If the bleach material contained in it sodium hypochlorite is mixed
with a cleanser containing hydrochloric acid will produce chlorine gas. When inhaled in large quantities of this gas can cause damage to the throat also respiratory system, can even lead to death. Prevention that can be done to avoid negative effects of bleach as follows. Avoid the type of bleach that merkurinya there. Avoid Using bleach if stains or dirt are difficult to remove by detergent or soap.
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3. Fragrance.
Chemical deodorizer Fragrance is also another chemical that has a very close relationship with everyday life. We can obtain deodorant from natural materials as well as from synthetic materials.
In addition to substances that can arouse fragrant, fragrances on the
market usually gore other substances mixed in it, such as alcohol used
as a perfume material in the form of liquid and alum for a solid-shaped
deodorizer.
4. Pesticides.
Pesticide Chemicals Types of pesticide chemicals are often used by farmers. Pesticides are useful for eradicating plant pests so as not to disrupt the results of agricultural production. There are several types of pesticides that are often used by farmers to eradicate pests. They are grouped according to their goals and functions. A. Insiktisida. Pesticides used to combat various types of insect animals such as ladybirds, grasshoppers, aphis, and caterpillars. B. Fungicide. Pesticides are useful to combat the growth of fungi and fungi. C. Baktrisida. Pesticides to eradicate viruses and bacteria. D. Rodenticide. Pesticides are useful to eradicate rodent pests such as rodents. E. Herbicide. Pesticides used to eradicate disturbing plants such as grass weeds, weeds and water hyacinth.
5. Additives in Food Ingredients.
Food chemicals
Additives are a chemical that is mixed in foods that aim to improve the
quality of food, increase its delicacy and preserve food.
Additive Substance Function.
Antioxidant and synergistic antioxidants.
Artificial sweeteners.
Bleach and bund.
Preservative.
Nutrition enhancer.
Emulsifiers.
Natural and synthetic dyes.
Hardener.
Eater and thickener.
Flavoring and flavoring.
Additives are divided into two groups. 1. Natural additives originating from natural sources, such as citric acid and lecithin.
2. Synthetic additives derived from chemicals having the same
properties with similar natural substances, both the chemical and their
properties such as amyl acetate and ascorbic acid. Based on its function, both natural and synthetic additives are classified as dyes, preservatives, sweeteners, and flavorings.
There are a variety of soaps. A soap is the metal salt of a fatty acid.
A fatty acid is an organic compound most often of animal or plant origin. A fatty acid contains a long-chain aliphatic carbon skeleton (with or without branches) plus a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at its end.
The metal may be an alkali metal such sodium (Na) or potassium (K). These metals are found in the first column of the periodic table of the elements. Or, the metal can be an alkaline earth metal, such as calcium (Ca) or magnesium (Mg). These metals are found in the second column of the periodic table of the elements.
Detergent (pH=10-12)
Detergents have some similarities. But are often of synthetic origin. They are not made insoluble by hard (mineralized) water. Instead of a carboxylic acid group, detergents contains a more intensely ionic group. It may be a sulfate or a sulfonate group (
-OS(O)₂-OH).
difference between soap and detergent
In addition, detergents can include aromatic rings. Detergents can also be used as surfactants and foaming agents.
There are even detergents that dissolve in solvents other than water, such as gasoline. These often include nitrogen in their formulation. The nitrogen compound frequently includes a ring as part of its structure. Such compounds are not only detergents, but dispersants.
Always read the safety data sheet and the text on the packaging carefully when you are about to use a product with which you are not completely familiar with the risks. Contact the environmental co-ordinator if you are unsure about handling methods. Use personal protection equipment (e.g. gloves, face mask) where necessary. Surplus chemicals and hazardous waste must be dealt with in accordance with the information in the safety data sheet. First Aid equipment must be available. Workplaces must be cleaned regularly. There must not be chemical spills on the floor.
Skin bleaching is used to treat discoloration of the skin, without changing skin color. The bleaching process refers to removal of freckles, skin aging spots, scarring, or uneven skin tone. Some of the causes of skin discoloration are sun damage, hormonal changes, aging, and genetics. Skin bleaching creams are not as invasive as laser surgery, and should be the first step to treating skin discoloration or undesired spots. Improving skin texture, and having a smoother skin tone, are both possible through skin bleaching creams. Creams used for skin bleaching can be purchased in stores or online, and the process can be done at home. Creams that alter skin pigmentation can have ingredients that are not compatible with every skin tone, and can have side effects. Hydroquinone and mercury are main ingredients found in skin bleaching creams, and are considered toxic chemicals. These chemical compounds can cause side effects, and should only be used as directed. Maybe its so dangerous. So u must be carefully
Because detergents have hydrophobic or water-hating molecular chains and hydrophilic or water-loving components. The hydrophobic hydrocarbons are repelled by water but are attracted to oil and grease. The hydrophilic end of the same molecule means that one end of the molecule will be attracted to water, while the other side is binding to oil.
Foam from the unraveling detergent that can accumulate on the surface of the water, consequently blocking the diffusion of oxygen into the water. This can lead to the death of the ecosystem of life contained in water on which there is detergent foam. To overcome the environmental problems caused by detergent waste, currently alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) base material has been replaced with linear alkyl sulphonate. (LAS).
Soap are made by combining oil,alkali,and water. There are various types of oils that can be used as a soap maker. Each oil has different characteristics. Combining several types of oil can produce soap with certain characteristics. And that can not be replaced by other materials is oil,because Oil servez as a producer of foam in soap and produces hard soap. Also a cleaning agent on soap. Its cleaning sometimes gives a dry taste in the skin.
Despite the name of bleach,this material essentially works with a purification system ao that if used on colored screen printing t-shirts,instanly the color fade and in the end make the shirt color fade. This makes bleach generally only used for washing white clothes only. Due to the white color,generally do not use textile dyes that dissolves easily with bleach.
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FARADAY'S LAW 1 for the video lets check this link : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMXNJZneaBc Faraday's Law States the relationship between the amount of electricity used with the mass of the substances produced in both the cathode and the anode in the electrolysis process. Sound Faraday's Law 1 "The mass of the substances formed on each electrode is proportional to the electric current flowing in the electrolysis" while the sound Faraday's Law 2 "The mass of various substances deposited on each electrode by an equivalent amount of electric current will be proportional to the equivalent weight of each of these substances" Michael Faraday is a British scientist who is an expert in chemistry and physics and earned the nickname "Father of Electricity " because thanks to his electrical efforts into technology that much point. He studied various fields of science, including electromagnetics...
40 Vocabulary in Chemistry 1. Element An element is a substance consisting of atoms which all have the same number of protons - i.e. the same atomic number. Elements are chemically the simplest substances and hence cannot be broken down using chemical methods. Elements can only be changed into other elements using nuclear methods. 2. Atom An atom is the smallest unit of matter that has the properties of an element . It is composed of a dense core called the nucleus and a series of outer shells occupied by orbiting electrons. The nucleus, composed of protons and neutrons, is at the center of an atom . 3. Synthesis Reaction A synthesis reaction or direct combination reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which two or more simple substances combine to form a more complex product. The reactants may be elements or compounds. The product is always a compound. 4. Molecul A molecule is the smallest particle in a chemical element or compound that has the...
What the different between soap as cleaner and detergen as cleaner? And What is the pH of the two substances ?
BalasHapusSoap (pH=5-8)
HapusThere are a variety of soaps. A soap is the metal salt of a fatty acid.
A fatty acid is an organic compound most often of animal or plant origin. A fatty acid contains a long-chain aliphatic carbon skeleton (with or without branches) plus a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at its end.
The metal may be an alkali metal such sodium (Na) or potassium (K). These metals are found in the first column of the periodic table of the elements. Or, the metal can be an alkaline earth metal, such as calcium (Ca) or magnesium (Mg). These metals are found in the second column of the periodic table of the elements.
Detergent (pH=10-12)
Detergents have some similarities. But are often of synthetic origin. They are not made insoluble by hard (mineralized) water. Instead of a carboxylic acid group, detergents contains a more intensely ionic group. It may be a sulfate or a sulfonate group (
-OS(O)₂-OH).
difference between soap and detergent
In addition, detergents can include aromatic rings. Detergents can also be used as surfactants and foaming agents.
There are even detergents that dissolve in solvents other than water, such as gasoline. These often include nitrogen in their formulation. The nitrogen compound frequently includes a ring as part of its structure. Such compounds are not only detergents, but dispersants.
How to deal with various products containing hazardous chemicals?
BalasHapusAlways read the safety data sheet and the text on the packaging carefully when you are about to use a product with which you are not completely familiar with the risks. Contact the environmental co-ordinator if you are unsure about handling methods.
HapusUse personal protection equipment (e.g. gloves, face mask) where necessary.
Surplus chemicals and hazardous waste must be dealt with in accordance with the information in the safety data sheet.
First Aid equipment must be available.
Workplaces must be cleaned regularly. There must not be chemical spills on the floor.
What effect will it have if the skin bleach is hit by the skin directly? Is it dangerous?
BalasHapusSkin bleaching is used to treat discoloration of the skin, without changing skin color. The bleaching process refers to removal of freckles, skin aging spots, scarring, or uneven skin tone. Some of the causes of skin discoloration are sun damage, hormonal changes, aging, and genetics. Skin bleaching creams are not as invasive as laser surgery, and should be the first step to treating skin discoloration or undesired spots.
HapusImproving skin texture, and having a smoother skin tone, are both possible through skin bleaching creams. Creams used for skin bleaching can be purchased in stores or online, and the process can be done at home. Creams that alter skin pigmentation can have ingredients that are not compatible with every skin tone, and can have side effects. Hydroquinone and mercury are main ingredients found in skin bleaching creams, and are considered toxic chemicals. These chemical compounds can cause side effects, and should only be used as directed.
Maybe its so dangerous. So u must be carefully
Why detergent can clean the stain on the fabric? What reaction happens during the process?
BalasHapusBecause detergents have hydrophobic or water-hating molecular chains and hydrophilic or water-loving components. The hydrophobic hydrocarbons are repelled by water but are attracted to oil and grease. The hydrophilic end of the same molecule means that one end of the molecule will be attracted to water, while the other side is binding to oil.
Hapushow detergent works?
BalasHapusFoam from the unraveling detergent that can accumulate on the surface of the water, consequently blocking the diffusion of oxygen into the water. This can lead to the death of the ecosystem of life contained in water on which there is detergent foam.
HapusTo overcome the environmental problems caused by detergent waste, currently alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) base material has been replaced with linear alkyl sulphonate. (LAS).
What materials are most important in making soaps that can not be replaced by other materials?
BalasHapusSoap are made by combining oil,alkali,and water. There are various types of oils that can be used as a soap maker. Each oil has different characteristics. Combining several types of oil can produce soap with certain characteristics.
HapusAnd that can not be replaced by other materials is oil,because Oil servez as a producer of foam in soap and produces hard soap. Also a cleaning agent on soap. Its cleaning sometimes gives a dry taste in the skin.
Give a reason about Excessive use of bleach can make the clothing color fade?
BalasHapusDespite the name of bleach,this material essentially works with a purification system ao that if used on colored screen printing t-shirts,instanly the color fade and in the end make the shirt color fade. This makes bleach generally only used for washing white clothes only. Due to the white color,generally do not use textile dyes that dissolves easily with bleach.
Hapus